In materials science, what does the term 'creep' refer to?

The term 'creep' in materials science specifically refers to the gradual deformation of a material under a constant load or stress over an extended period of time. This phenomenon is particularly significant at high temperatures and is critical in assessing the long-term performance and durability of materials in engineering applications. Creep occurs when the applied stress exceeds the material's yield strength, causing it to slowly deform, which may eventually lead to failure if the conditions persist.

Factors influencing creep include the temperature, the material's microstructure, and the length of time the stress is applied. Understanding creep is essential for materials used in high-temperature environments, like aerospace or power generation, where components may be under sustained stress for long durations. This understanding helps engineers design materials and structures that can withstand these conditions without compromising safety or functionality.